必修四第四单元语法

制作人：曹倩

审核人：

郭光宝

使用时间：2015-5-.22

年级签字：

编号： 36

———课前预习案——

1. --- Oh, it’s already a quarter past six. What shall we do at the meeting this evening?
  ---- We’ll go on with the matter________ this afternoon.
  A. be discussed    B. being discussing C. discussed     D. which discussed
2. The brave man died,________ his young wife nothing but a________ cottage.
  A. left; breaking   B. leaving; broken C. left; broken  D. to leave; breaking

3.________the exam, the boy was punished by his father.
A. No passing    B. Having passed C. Not passing     D. Not having passed

4. Time________, I can have done it better.
  A. permit    B. be permitted    C. permitting    D. to permit
5.________, the boy couldn’t enter his house.

A. Since the key has lost    B. The key been lost

C. Lost the key           D. Having lost the key
6. ________into many languages, the story is well known all over the world now.           

  A. Being translated   B. Having translated

C. To be translated    D. Having been translated
7. ______from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine                     with him wherever he goes         .

A. Suffered    B. To suffer    C. Having suffered    D. Being suffered
8. ________from what he said, he must be the thief who has stolen the car.
   A. Judging    B. Judged    C. To judge    D. Judge

9. ----Who were those people with the flags?
  ----A group ________itself the League of Peace.
   A. calls    B. calling    C. called    D. being called

10. Linda can’t attend the party___ at Tom’s house at present because she is preparing a speech for the party________ at Marie’s house tomorrow.

A. being held; to be held    B. to be held; held

C. held; being held        D. to be held; to be held

11. When_____ that it was getting late, I put off the light and went to bed.
   A. find    B. finding    C. found    D. to find
12. ________her mother had come, her face lit up.
   A. Hearing B. Having heard  C. When hearing  D. When she heard

13. Daddy didn’t mind what we were doing, as long as we were together,         _____fun.   A. had      B. have     C. to have    D. having

14. Don't leave the water _____ while you brush your teeth.

A. run    B. running    C. being run    D. to run
15. The picture _________ on the wall is painted by my nephew.
     A. having hung        B. hanging       C. hangs       D. being hung
              ——课中探究案——

一、检查反馈，导入新课。

检查课前预习题

二、目标定位，确定重点。

了解动名词的功能及用法，并学会运用理论知识去解决问题。

三、自主探究，教师点拨。

1. 现在分词（短语）作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须是句子的主语，分词必须和句子的主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系。现在分词作状语可以表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、让步或伴随情况等。

（1）作时间状语，相当于时间状语从句，有时可以在动词-ing 形式前加一个表示时间的连词，如when，while等。

Turning away (= When she turned around ), she saw a car driving up.

转过身来，她看见一辆车开过来了。

Having finished (=After he had finished ) the homework , Henry went home.

完成作业后，亨利就回家了。

(2）作原因状语， 相当于原因状语从句。

Not knowing his telephone number (= Since I didn’t know …) , I couldn’t get in touch with him.

由于不知道他的电话号码，我无法和他取得联系。

（3）作结果状语，相当于结果状语从句。通常放在句末，中间有逗号隔开， 表示一种自然的、顺理成章的结果。

His parents died in the accident, leaving him an orphan.

(4)作条件状语， 相当于条件状语从句。

Working hard( = If you work hard ), you will succeed.

(5)作让步状语，相当于让步状语从句，有时分词前可带有连词although , even if , even though.

Admitting what you say ( = Although I admit what you say ) , I still think you are wrong.虽然承认你所说的话，但我仍然认为你错了。

(6)表示方式、伴随或补充说明。

分词短语表示方式、伴随或补充说明时，常用来说明动作发生的背景或情况。 一般情况下，分词表示的动作和谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，常置于句末，可 以用并列句来转换。

I stood by the door, not daring to say a word ( = and didn’t dare to say a word).我站在门旁，不敢说一句话。

He was walking along the street , looking this and that (= and looked this and that ).

2. 现在分词作状语时应注意的问题。

(1)现在分词作状语时，要注意分词的时间性。当分词的动作和谓语动词的动作同时发生或几乎同时发生时，用分词的一般式。当现在分词的动作先于谓语动词的动作发生时，用分词的完成式。

Not recognizing the voice, he refused to give the person his address.

因为没听出这个人的声音，他没把自己的地址给他

Not having received his father’s letter, he decided to make a call to him

因为没收到父亲的信，他决定打个电话给父亲

(2) 有时现在分词（短语） 有自己的逻辑主语，它们之间有逻辑上的主谓关系，称之为独立主格结构。

It being a holiday , all the shops were shut.

由于是假期，所有的商店都关门了。

Class being over, children could play football.

下课了，孩子们可以踢足球了。

(3)动词-ing 形式可以作插入语，在句中作独立成分，表明说话人的态度。常见的有：generally / frankly (honesty ) / exactly(properly)/ speaking

一般/坦白/确切/严格来说

judging by / from 从……判断considering …考虑到…… 

supposing …     假设……  seeing …因为；鉴于；由于……

Judging from his accent , he is from the south.

从他的口音判断，他是南方人。

五、当堂检测，拓展延伸。

1. It rained nonstop for ten days, completely      our holiday.

  A. to ruin                B. ruined                              C. having ruined                              D. ruining

2. The secretary worked late into the night, _ a long speech for the president.

A. to prepare  B. preparing               C. prepared                   D.was preparing

3. ___ a reply, he decided to write again.

A. Not receiving               B. Receiving not  

C. Not having received                       D. Having not received

4. ______ you should have no trouble with the difficult work.

A. Knowing this               B. If you are knowing this

C. From knowing this          D. If you have knowing this

5. __ by what everyone says about him, he has a good chance of winning.

A. Judged     B. To Judge    C. Having Judged                   D. Judging

6. The earthquake ______ the tsunami (海啸) happened deep under the sea, _____ more than 200,000 people.

A. causing; killing                                  B. caused; killing      

C. causing; killed                                   D. caused; killed

7. Though _____ natural resources, the area is well developed.

A. lacked                  B. lacking of               C. lacking    D. lacked in

8. ______, the more expensive the camera, the better its quality.

A. General speaking    B. Speaking general  

C. Generally speaking   D. Speaking generally

9. The girl in the snapshot was smiling sweetly, her long hair___________.

A. flowed in the breeze         B. was flowing in the breeze

C. were flowing in the breeze    D. flowing in the breeze

10. ___ like a great idea, what he said was accepted by all present 。

A. Sounded     B. Sounds                   C. To sound                 D. Sounding

六、课堂小结，布置作业。

掌握doing、having done做定语，状语

——课后巩固案—

1. When we visited my old family home, memory came ______ back.

  A. flooding                  B. to flood     C. flood        D. flooded

2. ________ many times, he finally understood it.

A. Told                   B. Telling    C. Having told    D. Having been told

3. My sister, an inexperienced rider, was found sitting on the bicycle ___ to balance it.

A. having tried              B. trying                            C. to try                            D. tried